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PART I: 1492-1754 1) What was Columbus looking for? 2) Why was a passage to India important for European countries to find? 3) How did the crusades change European and how did it lead to the exploration of the "New World"? 4) How did tobacco change the course of America (particularly the Virginia colony)? 5) Discuss the rise of self-government in America (make sure you note the House of Burgesses, the Mayflower Compact and the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut). 6) How did religion play an essential role in the shaping of the early colonies? 7) Discuss why early colonists came to America (the various reasons - begin to relate these to the American Dream and the American Character). 8) What was the Great Migration? 9) What was the renaissance and how does it fit with the exploration of the Americas? 10) Where the 1st Europeans to the Americas "Explorers" or "Invaders"? Please justify your answer. 11) How did the English distance the relationship between indentured whites and black slaves? Why did they fear a relationship between the two? 12) Please to list the six colonies and why they were formed (and by what settlers). 13) Know the following people: John Rolfe, John Smith, John Winthrop, Anne Hutchinson, Roger Williams, William Bradford, John Wheelright, Jacques Marquette, Samuel de Champlain, Francis Drake, John Cabot, Henry Hudson, Ferdinand Magellan, Francisco Pizarro, Hernan Cortes, Squanto, Samoset. 14) What is the difference between the Separatists and Puritians? 15) Discuss King Phillips War and how it changed America? 16) When did the 1st Africans come to the English colonies? Where? What was the purpose of importing them (be specific)? 17) According to Zinn why were Africans easier to force into labor than Native Americans or poor white immigrants? 18) Why were each of the 13 colonies established? 19) How did religious freedom, slavery, and self-government shape the first 13 colonies (be exact - this should be an paragraph for each). 20) How did the Massacre at Mystic change America? 21) What was King Philips War? Why did it start and what was the outcome of it? 22) What was Nat Bacon's rebellion really about? 23) Why did Philadelphia become an important city? PART II: FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR * What are the reasons the war starts and spreads to become a world war? *What are the reasons the French lost? *How does the British turn the tide of the War? * What are the results of the war? * How did the war begin? *What was George Washington's role in the war and how did it prepare him for the Revolution? * Why were the following people important: Edward Braddock, Half-King, Marquis de Montcalm, James Wolfe, General Forbes, William Pitt. * Discuss the Native Indians role and importance in the war. What battles did they fight in? How did they change the power structure? What agenda did they have? * The French and Indian war begin over what area of land? * Why did the Native Americans take captives? Was this an effective practice? PART III: The Revolution 1) According to Paul Johnson what was the most deciding factor in the colonists victory over the British. 2) How did the colonists win the media war, the ideological battle and the emotional battle? 3) What important things did Patrick Henry do? 4) How was Thomas Jefferson a “mass of contradictions”. 5) What was Thomas Jefferson’s most important quality (according to Johnson). 6) What did Common Sense do? Who wrote it. 7) What was the 1st constitution? What powers did it give the government? 8) What was the paradox of the war (at least from Britain's point of view)? 9) What was Washington's main strength as a commander? Why did he win the war? 10) What were the four points of the Peace of Paris - as laid out by John Adams? 11) Why did slavery increase during the revolution? 12) Who were the big losers of the war (name three)? List what they lost and explain why they are the biggest losers. 13) What happened to the Loyalists in America after the war. 14) What were the most important battles of the war. Why do you think they are the most important? (Note battles is plural). 15) List at least five reasons why the Americans won. 16) List the importance of the following people in the cause of the Revolution. A) Thomas Paine B) Thomas Jefferson C) John Adams D) Samuel Adams E) John Hancock F) George Washington G) James Otis H) Benjamin Franklin I) Benedict Arnold (think beyond his treason) J) Patrick Henry K) Alexander Hamilton 17) Who was Molly Pitcher? 18) Why did the British strategy for the war make little sense? 19) How did the British fail to win the war in 1776? Who was the General in charge? 20) "America was already developing the notion that all were entitled to the best if they worked hard enough, that aiming high was not only morally acceptable but admirable." Discuss the importance of this statement. 21) Who were the two most important people involved with the push towards a new constitution? 22) Give examples of how the Articles of Confederation failed. 23) In your option why would some people prefer State rights over a strong Central government. What are the arguments for both sides? 24) What is a nomiocracy? How do you feel about this term connected with the U.S. government? 25) What were the three compromises on the Constitution? Which one of these seems the strangest to you? 26) What is the irony about the President vs. a King as example by Johnson? 27) Know the importance of Valley Forge. What happened there? What the troops had to overcome? Compare this with the British winter quarters. 28) What help did France, Spain, and the Netherlands offer the colonies? 29) What is important about Judith Sargeant Murray and Abigail Adams? 30) Discuss the war in the west. 31) Discuss the war in the south. 32) What is the importance of the following people: A) George Rogers Clark. B) John Paul Jones. C) Nathanael Greene. D) Comte de Rochambeau. E) Admiral Francois de Grasse. 33) What is important about Washington's farewell address? 34) Why did the natives give support to the British? 35) Why did the British think their military forces were superior to those of the Americans? 36) Why was fighting on their own land an advantage for the Americans? PART IV: The Constitution, Jefferson, War of 1812, Jackson 1) Discuss the significance of Thomas Jefferson's quote: "A little rebellion now and then is a good thing...God forbid that we should ever be twenty year without such a rebellion...The tree of liberty must be refreshed from time to time with the blood of patriots and tyrants." 2) Why did Shay's Rebellion happen? 3) The constitution is "a political creation, hammered together in a series of artfully negotiated compromises. Discuss these compromises. 4) What was the Virginia Plan? 5) "No person held in service" was a euphemism for what? 6) List the basic Powers and Checks of the three branches of the government. 7) Who wrote the Federalist Papers and why did they write them? 8) Briefly outline the first ten amendments. 9) Who could wrote in the first election (what parts of the population)? 10) How did Washington D.C. come be located on the banks of the Potomac? 11) What did Jay's Treaty do? 12) What was the "Whiskey Rebellion" and how was it put down? 13) Describe the election of 1800? How was it finally resolved? 14) Who was John Marshall? 15) Why did France sell its North America possessions (the Louisiana territory) to the U.S.? 16) What did Lewis and Clark do? Describe their journey? 17) How did Hamilton incur the wrath of Aaron Burr? Was he right in what he did? How did the ordeal end? 18) What was Jefferson's Embargo Act? Why was it unpopular and what was it suppose to do? 19) What did Tecumseh try and do? 20) Describe the Battle of Tippecanoe? 21) Most historians call the War of 1812 a draw. Why? 22) Describe the Battle of New Orleans. 23) What did the Monroe Doctrine state? 24) What was the Missouri Compromise? 25) How was the election of 1824 decided? Why was it called a "corrupt bargain"? 26) List some of the labels attached to Andrew Jackson. 27) Was Andrew Jackson an Indian hater? What did the natives call him? What "Indian Wars" did he fight in and what was the outcome? What was his native "policy" as President? 28) How did Jackson come to symbolize the common people? 29) Name the 1st seven Presidents of the United States War of 1812 1) Importance of Fort McHenry. 2) Burning of D.C. by the British. 3) Battle of Plattsburg 4) Battle of New Orleans 5) Native Defeats: Tecumseh and the Creeks (Battle of Thames and Horseshoe Bend).

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U.S. History Quiz: Manifest Destiny 50 points 1) List four promises James K. Polk made during his election. 2) What was the cost of the Mexican-American war in both lives and dollars? 3) List three battles of the Mexican-American War. 4) The Oregon Territory consisted of what area? Who claimed it? 5) Discuss how Texas became independent. 6) How did the Mexican-American War start? Why did it start? Was it a “Just War”? Explain. 7) What was Manifest Destiny? 8) Why did President Jackson refuse to annex Texas? 9) Why did some Americans think that making California part of the United States would strengthen the security of the nation? 10) Why was the California Gold Rush important? What did it do for the country?

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History Test: CIVIL WAR 1) What were the dates of the Civil War? 2) How many people died in the war? 3) Why did the Confederate States believe they had a right to leave the Union? 4) What was the Union’s plan at the beginning of the war? 5) What was the 13th, 14th and 15th Amendments? 6) How was the 14th Amendment reinterpreted? How was the 15th Amendment interrupted? For the Following discuss the importance of the battle (include dates, Generals, outcome and importance): 7) Chancellorsville 8) Gettysburg 9) Antietam 10) Bull Run For the following people discuss who they were, what they did, and why they were important. 11) James Longstreet 12) Ulysses S. Grant 13) Robert E Lee 14) Tecumseh Sherman 15) Frederick Douglas 16) Why did Lincoln suspend Habeas Corpus? 17) What did the Emancipation Proclamation do? 18) List Four Border States 19) What disadvantages did the South face? 20) In a short essay discuss how the Civil War has shaped our lives today.

U.S. History FINAL: 140 points. (Each question is worth 10 points). 1) Describe the Cherokee removal from their lands. Make sure you include the following: a) How the Cherokee lived in 1830. b) The previous treaties made to the Cherokee by the U.S. Government. c) The Cherokee suing the state government and the ruling in the Supreme Court by John Marshall. d) Andrew Jackson's reaction to John Marshall. e) General Winfield Scott's role. f) The Trail of Tears. 2) How did the crusades change European and how did it lead to the exploration of the "New World"? 3) When did the 1st Africans come to the English colonies? Where? What was the purpose of importing them? 4) The French and Indian War began over what area of land? 5) What are the reasons the French lost? 6) List five reasons why the Americans won the Revolution. 7) List three important battles of the revolution and discuss why they were important. 8) List and explain the three compromises to the constitution. 9) What was Jefferson Embargo Act? Why was it unpopular and what was it supposed to do? 10) Discuss the importance of the Battle of New Orleans. 11) Discuss the elections of 1800 and 1824. 12) List the importance of the following people: a) Anne Hutchinson b) John Rolfe c) James Wolfe d) Alexander Hamilton e) John Adams 14) Who were the three biggest losers of the Revolutionary War? 15) According to Zinn why were Africans easier to force into labor than Native Americans? 16) What was the Missouri Compromise?

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Manifest Destiny 1) What was Manifest Destiny? 2) The Oregon Territory consisted of what area? Who claimed it? 3) Who were the Mountain Men? 4) Why was the Oregon Trail important? 5) Discuss the meaning behind the slogan "Fifty-Four Forty or Fight"? 6) James Polk made what promises to the American public during the election of 1844 (list four - you might need to look up on the internet). 7) Discuss how Texas became independent. 8) Discuss the battles of The Alamo and San Jacinto. 9) How long did it take the U.S. to annex Texas? Why? 10) How did the Mexican-American War start? Why did it start? Was it a "Just War"? 11) What was the American response to the war? 12) List the major battles of the war. 13) What was the cost of the war? 14) Why was the California Gold Rush important? Civil War How did the Civil War shape our lives today? Name three ways the Civil War changed the South. What constitutional right did Lincoln suspend? List the four border states. Why did West Virginia form? What disadvantages did the South fact? Why did the Confederate States believe they had a right to leave the Union? What were the three main strategies of the Union? What was the average age of soldiers who fought in the Civil War? What was the outcome of Bull Run? Discuss the Battle of Shiloh. What were Lincoln’s reasons for the Emancipation Proclamation? What did the 13th Amendment do? How was the Civil War a rich man’s war but a poor man’s fight? Discuss the draft laws in the north. Discuss the importance of Chancellorsville and Gettysburg. How did Sherman use “Total War” against the South? Who were the Presidents of the Confederacy and the United States during the Civil War? What, exactly, did the Emancipation Proclamation do? What were Amendments 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19 Battles: Gettysburg Appomattox Antietam Shiloh Bull Run Chancellorsville Sherman’s March to the Sea People: Albert Sidney Johnson Ulysses S. Grant Joe Johnson Joe Hooker Tecumseh Sherman Robert E Lee Thomas Stonewall Jackson A.P. Hill James Longstreet Booker T Washington Sojourner Truth Harriet Tubman Frederick Douglas What was the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendment? How was the 14th Amendment reinterpreted? How was the 15th Amendment interrupted? Corporations/Monopolies/Robber Barons Be able to Identify the following people: George Armstrong Custer JP Morgan W.E.B. Du Bois James Butler Hickok Theodore Roosevelt Eugene Debs Benjamin Harrison William McKinley John D. Rockefeller Be able to discuss the Importance of the following: The assassination of William McKinley The Robber Barons and what they did The Jungle Why the Spanish American War was fought Wounded Knee Custer’s Last Stand Jim Crow Separate But Equal How the 14th Amendment was used to protect corporations The Panama Canal Roosevelt and his “big stick” Other questions: What lands did America get from winning the Spanish-American War? How did this war make America an Imperial Country? How did Theodore Roosevelt rise in politics? What was the Bull Moose Party? Why is W.E.B. Du Bois connected with John the Baptist? How many votes did Eugene Debs receive in 1912? What was his party? What was the 16th Amendment? What was the 17th Amendment? Why did America become “Big Brother” to Latin America under Woodrow Wilson. How did World War I start? Why did World War I start? What were the divisions (or sides)? Discuss the importance of the Lusitania. Why, ultimately, did the United States enter World War I? How many casualties did the Battle of the Marne have? What was the Espionage Act? Do you consider this act legal? How many Americans died in WWI? How many people died totally? How was the world map reshaped after WWI? People: Woodrow Wilson General John J. Pershing Eugene Debs Howard Taft Upton Sinclair 1) Name five important books of the 1920s. 2) What was the first "talkie"? How did it change America? 3) Discuss the "Red Scare of 1919". 4) What was the 18th amendment? Why was it enacted? How did it go wrong? 6) What is important about Henry Ford? How did he change America? 7) What is important about Charles Lindbergh? How did he symbolize the times? 9) How were stocks inflated? How did this cause the crash? 10) What was Black Thursday and Black Tuesday? 11) What was Hoover's view of Government relief programs? 12) What was the "Bonus Army"? 13) What happened during the "Hundred Days"? 14) What was the WPA and what did it do? 15) What were Roosevelt's FIRESIDE CHATS and why did they become important?

WORLD WAR II - Questions for Study

1) What was Lend-Lease? 2) Discuss the BATTLE OF BRITAIN. 3) What were some of the reasons isolationists wanted to stay out of the war? 4) What was the traditional definition of Fascism? Who were the Fascists of Europe in the 30s? 5) Who were the Axis Powers? 6) What were the aggressive actions of Germany and Italy before the start of WWII? 7) What are the reasons Japan attacks Pearl Harbor? 12) What is the date of Pearl Harbor? 13) What is the date of D-Day? What is Operation Overlord? 14) What was the cost of World War II? 15) What was the Yalta Conference? 16) What did Stalin demand in return for his agreement to enter the war against Japan? 17) Did the U.S. have to drop Atomic weapons on Japan? 18) Who was Rosie the Riveter? 19) Name some ways women helped win WWII? 20) What was the Battle of the Bulge? 21) Who was the American Commander in Europe? Who were the American Commanders in the Pacific? 22) Why is the Battle of Midway important? 23) What was the Holocaust? Why did it happen?

Review for TEST WWI - The Great Depression

Amendments 15-19

What is important about Henry Ford? How did he change America?
What is important about Charles Lindbergh? How did he symbolize the times?
What were "pool operators" and how were they crooked?
How were stocks inflated? How did this cause the crash?
What was Black Thursday and Black Tuesday?
What was Hoover's view of Government relief programs?
What was the "Bonus Army"? What did it do? What happened to it?
What happened during the "Hundred Days"?
What was the WPA and what did it do?
What were some programs set up during the Depression that are still with us today?
What were Roosevelt's FIRESIDE CHATS and why did they become important?
Discuss the philosophical reasons World War I began.
What was the initial spark that began World War I?
Who were the allies? Who were the central powers?
List five advancements in technology that lead to high causalities.
Describe tench warfare.
What was the Lusitania?
Why did America eventually enter the war (list two reasons)?
When was the Russian Revolution?
Discuss the importance of the Battle of the Marne.
How did World War I change the United States?
Discuss the Treaty of Versailles. What did it do? Why did the U.S. reject it?
Who was Marcus Garvey? What were his ideas?
How was Harding's Presidency corrupt?
How did the 20s change America? (think consumer society, entertainment, sports, fashion, politics)
What was the Harlem Renaissance? List three members.
How did prohibition lead to the raise of organized crime? Who was Al Calpone?
What was the Dust Bowl?
Discuss entertainment during the 1930s?
Who was Huey Long? What did he promise people?
How did Roosevelt try and stack the Supreme Court?